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To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that l, CHAnLns U. Born, a citizen of the United States, residing at Port lorfolk,,in the county of Norfolk and State of Virginia, have invented certain new and useful improvements in the Art of Dyeing, of which the following is a specification.

The present invention relates to the art of dyeing, and more particularly to amethod of dyeing cloths, such as wool and sills i While the' method contemplated herein has to do more particularly with the dyeing or cloth a yellow or yellowish coloring, yet in its broader aspect, the invention embraces dyeing in di'd'erent shades of yellow, as well as different colors, such as tan, and drab by slight changes in the ingredients e1nplayed, the duration of treatment, in the various baths, and by interchanging the order of treatment in said baths.

'Une of the objects of the invention is to provide highly efficient, novel and mproved methods of dyeing,*which while givlngentirely satisfactory results, are of a compara-' tirely inexpensive character, and easy to practice.

Eiuitable dyes and dyeing processes for coloring in yellow' and similarshades, in a manner to withstand wear, light, etc, are in demand at the present time, owing to the scarcity and incident expense of dye madyeing herein contemplated will be appreciated by those skilled in the art to which the invention relates, from the description to follow, but in this connection, as previously noted, it is to be borne in mmd that various minor changes may be resorted to, and still be within the spirit of the in vention.

lln carrying the improved method, it is proposed to subject the cloth or other material to be dyed to the treatment of certain baths whereby to impart to the material are introduced thereinto;

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the desirable coloring effect and whereby to render the coloring permanent.

Assumlng that it is desirable to color cloths such as wool and silk, yellow, the improved process'may be said to reside generally in placing the material to be treated in a bath of hot tannic' acid for a desirable interval, maintaining the bath in a hot, and preferably boiling state during this treatment and thereafter, preferably directly,

subjecting the goods to a bath of cold lime water, and finally subjectiiig the goods to a treatment in a bath comprising a weak solution of nitric acid thoroughly mixed with cold water, the nitric acid bath being brought to a boil prior to the introduction of the material, and maintained at a boil during the treatment of the goods therein.

The referred method may be described in deta1l as follows:

The-tann c acid may be obtained in various ways, but it is preferred'in View of the better results accomplished, to employ whlte oak or water oak for this purpose.

After the acid hath has been prepared and brought to a boiling condition the goods Thereupon unslalred lime is placed 111 a receptacle, and

' when slaked is allowed to stand for a sufficient interval for the lime waterto become clear, when such clear water is drawn 0d from the lime and placed in a receptacle. After the lime Water has arrived at a cool state, the goods are taken from the tannic acid hath, and while still in a Warm con dition are introduced into vlithe cool lime.

water. When so introduced the goods are preferably subjected to a stirring action by any suitable means. Thereupon a relatively weak solution of nitric acid is prepared by mixing the same in cold water, and this solution is brought to a boiling condition, when the goods are introduced into the bath thus provided where the goods will remain for the desirable time.

For imparting to the goods a lighter yellow coloring, that intermediate step of the process including the lime water bath may be eliminated, and the goods upon being withdrawn from the'taunic acid bath may be introduced directly into. the nitric acid solution while in a boiling state.

lln order to obtain a tan coloring, the method is somewhat reversed, that is to say the goods to be dyed will first be boiled in a weak solution of nitric acid, and there goods after being first boiled in the tannicacid solution for the desirable period are removed and directly introduced into the cold lime water bath, while preferably subjected to a stirring operation, and finally the goods are removed and subjected to a bath including a weak-solution of blue'vitriol dissolved in hot water, which last mentioned bath is brought to a boiling state previous to the introduction of the goods.

Though not necessary in all instances, very desirable and satisfactory results are ob tained by subjecting the goods previous to any of the above treatments to a preliminary hot salt water bath, since by this treatment the goods are not only thoroughly cleansed prior to the coloring operation, but the pores are partially opened, and fatty materials extracted therefrom, with the result that the cloth is in a most favorable condition to readily receive the coloring material in the subsequent baths.

It has been ascertained that the nitric acid solution, as distinguished from many other acids heretofore employed for similar purposes will render the coloring exceedingly bright and pleasing, and this acid will also open the pores and remove any remaining fat in the fabric thereby allowing the color to more readily stick or adhere to the fabric. It has also been ascertained that goods dyed in the manner above specified will have a permanent and lasting color largely unaffected by light, water or atmos pheric conditions.

What I claim is:

1. The art of dyeing which includes subjecting the material to a tannic acid bath, and subsequently to a solution including nitric acid. v

2. The improved method of dyeing cloth and the like which consists in boiling the goods in a tannic acid bath, and thereafter subjecting the goods to treatment in lime water and nitric acid solutions.

3. The improved method of dyeing cloth and the like which consists in boiling the goods in a tannic acidsolution, removing the goods and introducing the same into a cool lime water bath, and thereafter introducing the goods into a' weak solution of nitric acid.

4. The improved method of dyeing cloth and the like which consists in boiling the goods in a tannic acid solution, removing the goods, introducing the same into a cool lime water bath, and thereafter introducing the goods into a weak solution of nitric acid, the nitric acid being in a boiling condition.

5. The improved method of dyeing cloth and the like which consists in boiling the goods to be treated in a bath of tannic acid, removing the goods and while hot introducing the same into a cold lime water bath, stirring the goods in the last mentioned bath, removing the goods, and finally subjecting the same to a bath including a solution of nitric acid, the last mentioned bath being in a boiling condition.

In testimony whereof I hereunto afiixmy signature in the presence of two witnesses.

CHARLES OTTO BOLZ. 

